The Armed Forces Special Protection Act (AFSPA) comes into effect only for the period and, where the Government has declared the area as disturbed and beyond the control of the administration and the police, when action is needed to keep the country together and failure is not an option. That is when the Armed Forces are sent in and that is when, to act effectively they need to be protected against calls of human rights violations and of use of excessive force by NGOs and other vested interests and media. In such circumstances we need to accept that collateral losses will occur and trust in the training and internal monitoring and disciplinary controls of the Armed forces.